What is the Rule of 55?
If you leave your employer in or after the calendar year you turn 55, you can withdraw from that employer's 401(k) or 403(b) without the 10% early withdrawal penalty. Income tax still applies, and it doesn't cover IRAs or old 401(k)s from prior jobs.
Can I tap my IRA before 59½?
Yes, but normally with a 10% penalty plus tax. The main exception is a 72(t) SEPP — Substantially Equal Periodic Payments — which locks you into a strict schedule for at least 5 years or until 59½, whichever is longer.
How do I cover health insurance from 55 to 65?
Most early retirees use the ACA marketplace, COBRA for up to 18 months, or a spouse's plan. Premiums vary widely — $800–$1,500/month is a reasonable planning number; ACA subsidies can lower this significantly if your taxable income is modest.
Should I claim Social Security at 62, 67, or 70?
If you have enough bridge savings and average life expectancy, waiting until 67 or 70 produces a much larger inflation-adjusted check and acts as longevity insurance. Claiming at 62 makes sense if you need the income or have a shorter expected lifespan.